The hearing reported in this document was called to address the human havoc wreaked by substance abuse among pregnant women in America. Witnesses included leading scientists and innovative service providers qualified to supply the best information on chemically dependent women across the country and to point the way to a better understanding of the range of their needs. Statements were made by the following participants: (1) Douglas J. Besharov, resident scholar, American Enterprise Institute, Washington, D.C.; (2) Sheila Blume, M.D., C.A.C., medical director, alcoholism, chemical dependency and compulsive gambling programs, South Oaks Hospital, Amityville, NY; (3) Iris E. Smith, director, prevention and applied research, Laboratory of Human and Behavior Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; (4) Alan I. Trachtenberg, M.D., M.P.H., medical director, Bay Area Addiction Research and Treatment, Berkeley, CA; (5) Reed V. Tuckson, M.D., Senior Vice President for Programs, March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, White Plains, NY; (6) Kathleen 'X', parent, Germantown, MD; and (7) Jing Ja Yoon, M.D., Clinic of Neonatology, Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx, NY. A large number of prepared statements, letters, and supplemental materials were also read into the proceedings and are included in the report. (TE)