The efforts of the Florida Institute for Instructional Research and Practice in designing, developing, and analyzing the subject area knowledge tests of the Florida Master Teacher Program are described. A total of 13 subject area examinations was developed in 1984-85, and 5 additional tests were developed the following year. For each subject area a nine-member writing task force and a nine-member validation team were formed. The development process helped ensure the content validity of the tests. A full-scale field test was not conducted prior to the first administration of each test, so intensive analyses of first administration data were performed before examinee score reports were prepared. Alternative test forms were prepared for the second test, and a plan was developed for linear equating of examinee scores in 1985-86. The psychometric qualities of the developed tests are presented. Characteristics of teachers earning the designation of Associate Master Teacher are profiled. Future directions in testing teachers' subject matter knowledge are discussed, with emphasis on the provisions of the Raymond B. Stewart Career Achievement Program Act of 1986. Three data tables are included. (SLD)