Significant reductions in adult illiteracy can be achieved most cost-effectively by focusing more resources on the education of women. These monies contribute not only to women's development but also to the educational achievement of their children. Educated adults have more influence on their children's education; the children become literate adults who, in turn, produce more educable children. Maternal education also has an effect on fertility rates and the mortality and health of children. The contribution of educated mothers to the cognitive and language skills of preschool children gives the children an advantage and continues to affect their educational success. International literacy statistics show that women comprise almost two-thirds of illiterate adults; of the 116 million children under 11 who are unable to attend school, almost two-thirds are girls. Studies showing the effects of women's education on children's literacy argue for greater investment in mothers' education. As greater numbers of women enter the work force and higher levels of literacy are demanded of workers, women's education becomes critical to a literate work force and to economic growth and development. (SK)