This pamphlet presents conclusions related to the compendium of factual data called "Science and Engineering Indicators" (published every 2 years) about the strengths and weaknesses of American science and technology and offers recommendations for action. American science and engineering are vibrant and productive, although the United States no longer dominates science and technology as it once did and although American education in science, engineering, and mathematics is a national problem that has not yet been effectively addressed. There is a need for new commitment to provide human, financial, and physical resources commensurate with the importance of science and technology to America's future. The solution will require cooperative action and increased investment by industry and universities, by state and local governments, and by the federal government. (YP)