In this study an observation schedule was developed and used to compare activities and behavior of 77 New Zealand children with disabilities who had been mainstreamed into special groups within preschools and play centers and 77 non-disabled peers. The development of the schedule is described, results are given, and advice is offered to practitioners who would like to implement the schedule in their own settings. Primary concerns included assessing the success of the integration process and investigating such areas as interaction with other children, use of speech, willingness to respond when spoken to, and gender differences. The observations showed clear differences between the two groups of children, both in the attention they received from adults and in the nature of their activity and speech. These differences were of degree rather than kind. (PB)