Current research on applications of computer conferencing in six institutions identifies a number of common problems related to communications and conferencing software and hardware and user attitudes about the medium. Despite these difficulties, there have been indications of a growth in the incorporation of computer conferencing in distance education activity. Issues requiring more careful consideration if computer conferencing is to make a greater impact on distance education include: (1) scale (expansion of computer conferencing capability to larger groups while at the same time assuring that low-socioeconomic status groups have access); (2) integration (incorporating computer conferencing into existing distance education programs); and (3) optimization (deciding where the medium can be used most effectively). While the major emphasis to date has been on enhancing the learning process by encouraging group learning and facilitating peer counseling and tutor feedback, other potential applications include enhancing group processes during course development and facilitating the management of decentralized distance education infrastructures by reducing the necessity to travel large distances for staff meetings. Further research is required on suitability of conferencing software for specific purposes, cost implications, and modification of software to suit individual user needs. Because of its capacity to bring people closer together without necessitating physical movement, computer conferencing has larger societal and global implications. (26 references) (GL)