The history of the National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME) is discussed. The organization was founded in February 1938 when 45 college teachers and 12 persons from state departments of education or public schools adopted a constitution for the National Association of Teachers of Educational Measurement. The revised constitution of 1943 changed the name to the National Council on Measurements Used in Education. By 1952, the membership of 495 had sharpened its interest in test use, with a revised constitution that listed dissemination as its first purpose and the promotion of improvement of techniques second. In 1960, the organization adopted its present name. A striking change came in February, 1964 with establishment of the "Journal of Educational Measurement." Membership increased between September 1964 and December 1965 from 1,146 to 2,060. The decade of the sixties saw large increases in funding for educational research and testing. At its February 1968 meeting the Board of Governors approved a committee recommendation that the NCME be incorporated. The Bylaws of 1969 returned to the order of the original constitution and placed the scientific advancement of the field before the dissemination of knowledge about measurement. The 1970's were generally dedicated to the pursuit of these two goals. By 1981, the NCME's membership had reached a peak of 2,321. The journal "Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice" was established in the early 1980's by the merging of the journals "Measurement News" and "Measurement in Education" and was a clear indication of the maturity and status that the NCME had achieved. (SLD)