Attention is drawn to aspects of the transfer of English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) expertise to both developing and developed nonnative English-speaking countries. It is maintained that: (1) several facts that have nearly the strength of canonical truths in the West reveal an ignorance of, and perhaps an indifference to, the socio-cultural, attitudinal, pragmatic, and even economic realities of Afro-Asia; (2) the contexts, motivations, methods, means, objectives, and traditions of learning ESL in the countries referred to by Kachru (1988) as the Outer and Expanding Circles create the need for a revision or redefinition of the concept of ESL and also of the theoretical orientation of second language learning that is currently fashionable; and (3) The number of nonnative speakers of English and the changing status of English in the world are convincing enough to change the ethos and power structure of current ESL practices. (DJD)