The research and development efforts performed by principal investigators under sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research Cognitive and Neural Sciences Division during 1988 are documented. The title, name and affiliation of the principal investigator, project code, contract number, current end date, technical objective, approach, and progress of each program are listed. Under the heading "Cognitive Science" are four clusters: (1) cognitive architectures and abilities; (2) knowledge, skill, and expertise; (3) learning and instruction; and (4) measurement and psychometric theory. Research in this area is aimed at providing a theoretical understanding of the human learner and performer in the domain of complex cognitive skills. Research in the "Perceptual Science" program is grouped into clusters of: (1) vision; (2) attention; (3) audition; (4) haptics and sensory guided motor control; (5) decision making; and (6) human factors technology. Biological intelligence programs foster research to elucidate the organization, structure, and operational algorithms of the neural systems. Clusters under the heading "Biological Intelligence" include: (1) computation in large neural networks; (2) chemical modulators of information processing; (3) neural processing of sensory information; (4) local neural circuit interactions; (5) marine mammals; and (6) behavioral immunology. There is also an interdisciplinary program of exploratory development called the "Manpower, Personnel, and Training Research and Development Program." The individual programs under each cluster are work units either active or completed in 1988. (SLD)