This handbook clarifies how to meet legal requirements when the same student population qualifies for both bilingual and special education programs. Legal streamlining of existing California-mandated requirements for bilingual and special education is emphasized. The handbook begins with a discussion of the difficulties encountered when providing educational services to pupils with limited English proficiency who demonstrate academic deficiencies, and outlines procedures for distinguishing between a true disability and a language difference. Types of bilingualism and their effect on school achievement are examined. The use of the Student Study Team is suggested in the student referral process; such teams combine regular education teachers and specialists working together to develop an intervention plan emphasizing parent and student involvement. A detailed comparison of bilingual and special education law is presented. Specific legal requirements of California bilingual laws and special education laws are paralleled to assist in efficiently implementing the legislation. The handbook then presents administrative steps that combine two separate laws into one single procedure from the point of referral to placement. Appendices discuss: (1) methods for ascertaining legal compliance, and (2) sunset program provisions for five California special education and bilingual education programs. (JDD)