Drug testing of district employees and students is examined from several perspectives: implications for school policy, legality, administration and protocol, and test reliability and accuracy. Substance abuse has become a major concern for educators, parents, and citizens as illegal drugs are more readily available. It is also pointed out that the most commonly abused substance is alcohol. Two approaches to curb this trend are common: drug education and drug testing. Drug testing or screening is gaining public awareness and support. As administrators and school boards begin to consider this an option, thoughtful discussions that protect student and employee rights must become part of the policy. Litigation will be the likely outcome if this is not done. Also, it is imperative that policy makers be knowledgeable about the technical aspects of drug testing. This includes procedures, confirmation methods, and expenses. The alternative is to offer appropriate educational programs that are better able to accomplish the goal. (LMS)