Pointing out the current need for emphasis on academic achievement and excellence, this paper discusses challenges faced by educators in seeking to make the best use of advanced technologies to prepare students for life in the information society. The three major goals of education are identified as preparing individuals with the computer skills needed for the job market, improving skill instruction, and increasing the productivity of teaching. It is noted that interest in using technology in schools at all levels is widespread, as evidenced by statistics on microcomputer acquisition and use, and special meetings to explore potential uses of technology. The importance of the computer as a tool for the improvement of instruction in the basics is discussed, and current programs in The Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI) are briefly described. These projects include the MATH/TECH program for seventh through twelfth grade classroom application; Project Quill, which uses the microcomputer to help teachers teach writing to third through sixth grade students; a series of school-based technology demonstration sites using technology in the fields of science, mathematics, reading, and writing; the use of educational television to teach science through programs such as the "Voyage of the Mimi" and "3-2-1 Contact"; and the establishment of a Center for Technology at Harvard University to focus on key issues in education and technology. (DJR)