The importance to the United States of scientific and engineering activities makes it essential that the best talent from every available source be attracted to careers in science and engineering. Women and members of minority groups, however, have had historically low rates of participation in science and engineering. Even though this participation has been increasing, another concern must be the market conditions encountered by women and minorities who have earned science and engineering degrees. This volume is designed to meet the problems of underrepresentation by providing a basis for informed discussion and constructive policy and program development. Chapters include "Executive Summary,""Introduction,""Women in Science and Engineering,""Minorities in Science and Engineering," and "Education and Training." Appendices contain the "Technical Notes" and "Statistical Tables." Discussion deals with employment levels and trends, fields of employment, experience, career patterns, and labor market indicators. The minorities discussed include Blacks, Asians, Native Americans, Hispanics, and the physically disabled. Educational issues that are approached include precollege preparation, undergraduate preparation, earned degrees, graduate education, and post doctoral appointments. (CW)