This document summarizes the findings of the Second International Mathematics Study relative to calculator and computer usage by students in 20 countries. Two target populations were identified. The data on these two populations were provided by three basic questionnaires: (1) a school questionnaire; (2) a teacher questionnaire; and (3) a student questionnaire. Five major findings emerged: (1) Population B students (12th graders) use calculators and computers more than do Population A students (8th graders); (2) within Population B, Sweden and Ontario (Canada) make greater use of calculators than other countries while the United States, Sweden and New Zealand make greater use of computers than other countries; (3) school policies encouraging the use of calculators are more in evidence in Population B than in Population A, yet a very high percentage of schools have no policy in this regard; (4) Population A students use calculators mainly at home for homework, checking answers and recreation while Population B students use them both at home and school mainly for problem solving and doing homework; and (5) Population B students had more positive attitudes towards the use of calculators and computers than Population A students. (PK)