This technical manual describes the School Assessment Survey (SAS), a multidimensional questionnaire that uses teachers' perceptions to measure key organizational characteristics of a school. Developed to take advantage of recent developments in organizational theory and school effectiveness research, the SAS instrument can be used to identify areas of strength and weakness and to help decide the course of action to implement desired changes. A general overview of a perspective on schools as organizations states why that perspective is important and illustrates how it might be useful in efforts to improve educational practices. The 55 items in the SAS questionaire measure 9 distinct dimensions covering a wide range of organizational characteristics. A justification for each dimension is offered. The history of the SAS instrument is also presented, as well as technical details regarding the measurement properties of its nine dimensions. A four-page graphic profile illustrates how the results can be presented to educators. Twenty notes and a 60-item bibliography are appended. The appendixes contain the SAS instrument and summary statistics of items in the dimensions based on data collected from a sample of 2,311 teachers in 61 schools. (MLF)