This paper focuses on the emergence of a sense of sexual difference during childhood and the attitudes and feelings toward homosexuality internalized by children. Data on a variety of issues associated with growing up gay or lesbian were gathered from young adult homosexuals (N=13) in South Carolina, school guidance counselors (N=142), preservice teachers (N=120), and social services professionals who worked with gay and lesbian adolescents. The social norms of the southern United States are discussed at length, focusing on the cultural icons, religious and family rituals, and social scripts. The relationship and interaction of these icons, rituals, and scripts with homosexuality are discussed in detail. The sense of children who are recognized by themselves and others as being different, which will later develop into a realization of being homosexual, is discussed, and stories of the 13 young adults are cited. Studies by other researchers relating being different and being homosexual are also reviewed. An 11-page reference list and research instruments are included. (ABL)