Collected in this volume are preliminary materials related to the Belgrade-OMEP Project whose purpose is to make a record of those traditional children's games which are a part of the folk culture of various countries. The purpose of this publication is two-fold: (1) to serve as a handbook for the present collaborators on the Project in their research work; and (2) to inform and attract the greatest possible number of potential participants to the Project. The volume contains 14 individually authored papers which are generally brief. The papers focus on (1) the fundamentals of the project; (2) the theoretical and methodological problems of the project; (3) research problems and the development of the Flemish Folk Games File; (4) present research on traditional games of children; (5) play activities of children in different cultures; (6) problems of the project from an ethnological point of view; (7) traditional games of Japanese children; (8) children's lore and traditional games in Finland; (9) play as a subject of ethnological and educational research; (10) play, tradition, and traditional games; (11) the contribution of basic research to the survival of the Awele game; (12) differences in the authenticity of children's expression and the viewing angle of adults; (13) traditional games in the kindergarten; and (14) the protocol for the collection of traditional games, including Form A1 for the description of games acquired from adult informers, Form A2 for the description of observed games, and an explanation of the protocol. The collection is intended to serve as a handbook for research and as an invitation to other interested scholars to participate in the project. (RH)