A study of the relationship of bilingualism to personality traits focused on two questions: (1) are any language-associated differences between memory systems in bilinguals reflected in similar differences in personality structures?; and (2) if such differences exist, can they be tapped by comparing responses to personality-evoking stimulus in the first language to responses to the same stimulus in the second language? Subjects were Chinese-English and Spanish-English coordinate bilingual adults, and the test was the California Psychological Inventory, administered in each of the bilinguals' languages. Resulting personality profiles derived from the English version differed significantly from those derived from the native-language version, strongly suggesting that coordinate bilinguals function differently depending on their current linguistic context. These results are interpreted as clear evidence for the existence in bilinguals of differing cognitive processes in the two languages. (MSE)