Research has provided a set of findings that administrators may find useful for observing teachers and evaluating their performance. One such research-based strategy, designed for elementary and middle school administrators, teachers, and supervisors, involves the entire school staff in designing teacher observations to fit the needs of the particular school and its personnel. The supervisory process includes the steps of: setting objectives; observing and recording data; analyzing data; providing feedback; taking corrective action; and critiquing. Observations are based on five classroom teacher roles: teacher as organizer; teacher as instructor; teacher as expediter; teacher as facilitator; and teacher as monitor. Goals in each of these areas are listed on the observation rating instrument, and research supporting these goals is described. Over 60 references are provided. (CB)