Recent reports have revealed that inequalities exist between males and females, racial minorities and whites, and rich and poor in accessibility to and use of computers. This study reviews the research in the field of computer-based education to determine the extent of and reasons for these inequities. The annotated research articles are arranged into five sections and within the sections, arranged chronologically. Section One consists of surveys and studies dealing with the availability of computers as related to school characteristics. Section Two focuses on differences in access to and use of computers as related to user characteristics. Section Three focuses on knowledge of computers as related to user characteristics. Section Four consists of surveys of attitudes toward computers as related to user characteristics. Section Five contains studies of computers used as related to teacher characteristics. A discussion and set of conclusions follow. It is recommended that (1) states develop equitable means of distributing educational resources; (2) low-income, minority, and female students be encouraged to use computers for computer science and programming; (3) low-income and minority students' knowledge and attitudes toward computers be researched; (4) subject areas other than mathematics use computers; (5) traditional computer classes be modified and offered as non-mathematics electives; (6) counselors, teachers and parents encourage females to take computer courses; and (7) computer environments emphasize cooperative work at computers for females. (APG)