A study surveyed 163 women professors to identify errors they had made that interfered with their ability to gain tenure or promotion and to elicit advice they would offer to others who wished to advance in academia. The mistakes can be summarized as acquiescing to the traditional female role, resisting traditional socialization and internalizing masculine characteristics, and over-emphasizing both the differences between women and men and the discrimination in the university. Respondents offered the following advice: (1) be androgynous or behaviorally flexible; (2) do your job, particularly in the area of research and writing; (3) be self-motivated, develop an internal locus of control, or look to yourself rather than to others for your success; and (4) gain the support of other people. The observations of the women surveyed are consistent with the counsel of theorists in this area.An 11-page reference list concludes the document. (SRT)