Modern Ethiopia has made progress that has altered the status and functions of its various languages. With modernization, the reasons for and means of interethnic contact have multiplied, creating the need for a common language. Amharic, once confined to a rather small area, has spread geographically and grown in status in the last thousand years, and has assumed the role of a common language. Now it is a relatively developed and standardized language with an extensive literary heritage appealing to a growing population. It is also closely associated with opportunity and is gaining popularity among the young. Bilingualism is increasing. However, until Amharic serves both the urban and rural populations and attains a higher level of linguistic development, it will not become a truly common tongue. For those changes to occur, Ethiopia must reach a higher level of socioeconomic and cultural development and promote a language policy that accommodates popular needs associated with the use of local, national, and international languages alike. A five-page reference list concludes the document. (MSE)