Between the years of 1916 and 1918 southern blacks began populating the urban centers of the north in a movement known as the "Great Migration." This movement was significant to the development of the black press, for it was during this period that the black press became a protest organ and rose to its greatest level of prominence and influence. Some newspapers encouraged the migration while others discouraged it. Considered to be the newspaper that revolutionized black journalism, the Chicago "Defender" ran cartoons satirizing the pitiful conditions of blacks in the South and success stories were printed of southern blacks who had been successful in the North. It also counseled migrants on dress, sanitation, and behavior, and initiated fund drives for needy families. The conservative principles of Washington, D.C., were reflected in the content of the Norfolk/Tidewater "Journal and Guide." Its stance against migration was reflected in a series of articles, cartoons, and editorials that stressed the poor living conditions, racial discrimination, and false job hopes that existed in the North. The different stances of black newspapers concerning this migration reflect the diversity of a group of people striving for social and economic progress. End notes and a bibliography are appended. (HOD)