Faculty development programs in different types of colleges are considered, along with support of faculty development by private foundations, including the Bush Foundation's Faculty Development Program. The evolution of faculty development in institutions in the United States is traced, with emphasis on efforts in the last 15 years. A literature review covers various developmental activities (instructional, curricular, and organizational). Descriptions are provided of faculty development programs at 18 private and 12 public colleges and universities; 2 small and 3 medium-sized liberal arts colleges; 2 selective and church-related liberal arts colleges; and 2 large public universities. The effectiveness of faculty development programs is analyzed from a number of perspectives. Faculty members are examined across the sample of institutions using a questionnaire circulated to a random sample of the entire faculty cohort. Evaluation methods are described in detail, and difficulties encountered in program evaluation are identified. A step-by-step evaluation of a faculty leave program is provided as an example. Trends in faculty development and ways to build programs constructively in the future are addressed, with attention to improving undergraduate education. The faculty questionnaire is appended. (SW)