Rapid technological change in American society has been accompanied by accelerating growth of the population over 65. This report discusses the new challenges that will face the public and private sectors in both responding to the needs and making use of the resources of older Americans. The report discusses five chronic conditions that severely affect older persons. The potential health improvements from behaviors that may delay the onset of chronic diseases, the need for increased biomedical research into the causes of these diseases, and methods to encourage behaviors that promote health are also reviewed. Special attention is given to the potential impact of telecommunications in the home and community in promoting self-health care among the elderly. The housing and living environment of the elderly are also described. Shared housing, residential care facilities, accessory units, and other types of residences that would expand the housing choices available to older Americans are discussed in the report. The study also evaluates the impact of changes in workplace technology. Job security may be weakened in some industries, while in others technology can enhance job performance, safety, and security for older workers. Finally, the report addresses the retraining of older workers, which would encourage continued employment or provide new employment possibilities. Extensive indexes to the report provide information on morbidity and mortality statistics, the cell biology of aging, nutrition, biotechnology, workplace technology and the employment of older adults, a glossary of terms, and a list of contractors involved in preparation of the report. (KC)