This study addresses three questions: (1) whether sex is related to ability and interest in computers; (2) whether a relationship exists between the presence of a computer in the home and a child's ability and interest in computing; and (3) the combination of factors that account for students' perceptions of success in developing programming ability. To investigate these questions, a study was conducted in a central Iowa school district using 380 students in grades 6, 7, and 8. A computer laboratory consisting of 29 microcomputers was used, and class size was limited to 28. The instruction centered on programming in the BASIC language, and additional instructional objectives related to keyboarding skill development, computer operation, and societal impact of computers were included. A survey was administered to all participating students after they had completed the course. An analysis of this data revealed (1) girls were somewhat less likely than boys to express confidence in working with a computer prior to the class, but instruction diminished their fears; (2) having a home computer improved confidence in programming ability in both boys and girls; and (3) the differences between the "have" and "have not" students was reduced after instruction. Also included is the attitude survey used in the computer literacy class. (JB)