This report summarizes the results of a national survey of U.S. elementary and secondary schools, conducted during the 1982-83 school year, which focused on the schools' instructional use of microcomputers, including use both as a means of instruction and as an object of instruction. Specific topic areas covered include: the number of microcomputers in the schools; major microcomputer uses; number of student users; access time per student; junior high, middle school, and low income elementary school use patterns; areas of microcomputer impact as viewed by computer-using teachers; physical location of microcomputers in the schools and locational impact on use patterns; acquisition and use patterns; student grouping for microcomputer use and teacher management of waiting time; and interpretative remarks focusing on research needs and collaborative research efforts of researchers and educators. (MBR)