This paper explores issues related to the degree to which weight and emphasis are given in higher education hiring and promotion practices to research versus teaching and service. In particular it examines the special problems posed by research demands in traditionally non-research universities. Noting that one of the most significant preconditions to faculty research is the availability of resources in the library, this paper reviews and analyzes the problems involved by looking at current research collections in academic libraries, and examining the political and financial problems of building research collections. One of the basic problems facing colleges and universities is that the large research libraries exist in schools with the resources to acquire and maintain them; however, if traditionally non-research schools are to maintain consistent long-range policies to hire and promote on the basis of research, then they must also provide resources. The key and fundamental base of developing a strong research collection is to formulate a library collection policy. The policy will address many considerations, among the major ones: (1) the need for the library, faculty, and administration to work out the school's strengths and determine the direction and goals of research; (2) the need for a higher commitment to spending on research, and a larger percentage of commitment to academic support, especially the library; (3) the effects of rising prices for library materials; and (4) the need for continued financial support. Theoretical and practical solutions to the problems conclude the report. (THC)