Educational research in New Zealand is undertaken by five types of organization: (1) universities and university-based agencies; (2) national educational research centers; (3) autonomous, private research institutions; (4) divisions of government ministries; and (5) local research centers, research units, or schools. Descriptions are given of the roles of each of these types of organization. It is commented that, while a great deal of research is being conducted, grounds for concern about research efforts in New Zealand remain. The final section of the chapter considers the decisions that educational researchers must face regarding the ends that research should serve, given political, economic, professional, and ideological pressures. (PGD)