This document is the last of 10 reports resulting from New York's 1983 First Statewide Symposium on Rural Development and is intended to be used primarily as a resource document for the development of public policy proposals. The 9 preliminary reports generated discussion at 12 public hearings, plus written testimony, and served to catalog rural New York's strengths, define its problems, and establish goals to guide state policy development for the next two decades. This report begins with a discussion about working toward a "new" rural New York, provides comparisons of population change in rural/metropolitan New York counties and New York's rural population ranked with all state populations, and cites dominant themes and recurring issues found in the symposium proceedings and in public commentary. Each of the nine discussion areas is then addressed, beginning with a list of symposium workshop participants in that area and followed by an introduction. Selected quotes from the symposium proceedings are displayed beside public commentary on the same topic. The nine areas include: human services and community life; health care; elementary, secondary, and higher education; business, economic development, and employment; agriculture; environment, land use, and natural resources; transportation; community facilities, housing, and community renewal; and government and management. (BRR)