Many difficulties are encountered when large-scale monitoring of federally-funded programs (including Title VII bilingual education programs) has been attempted. These difficulties may be categorized as follows: (1) differences in perception of the purpose of monitoring; (2) variance in the definition of the treatment (program) and expectations for results; (3) measurement issues and difficulties; (4) design issues and difficulties; and (5) cooperation and control in data collection. After discussing each of these areas in terms of design considerations for a system to monitor Title VII projects, this paper concludes with a summary of thoughts and recommendations about a strategy for collecting required information about bilingual education projects. A 33-item bibliography is included. (BW)