This document describes the first in a series of polls to be conducted using new procedures for scientifically polling random samples of educators. The Educator Opinion Poll involved two separate sample groups: public school principals and classroom teachers in grades K-12. Forty-eight percent of the teachers surveyed, or 1,013 teachers, and 47 percent of the principals surveyed, or 919 principals, responded. Opinion questions solicited the teachers' views on such topics as the following: working a longer school day or school year if more money were offered, attitude of students toward school and learning and their level of preparation, problems encountered in teaching, problems in maintaining discipline, and impact of factors such as parental support for education on the teacher's instructional program. Status and experience questions were also included and covered such topics as respondent's age, sex, salary, and days on duty, as well as use of computers during school year 1983-84 and respondent's ultimate career plans. Principals were asked similar questions, though the wording of their questions was slightly different. The report is divided into two sections, one on teachers and one on principals. Each section begins with brief overviews followed by a list of tables, the professional and personal characteristics reported in tabular form, and tables based on the opinion questions. Among other findings is the indication from about one-third of the public school teachers and principals across the nation that their school districts have modified their instructional programs in response to recent studies such as "A Nation at Risk." (MLF)