The state of the art of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) in instruction of English as a second language (ESL) is examined. An overview of computer applications in the field discusses computer roles in language learning, computers and the standard curriculum, computer requirements for different types of CALL (instructional, collaborative, and facilitative), the promise of CALL in the ESL curriculum, and the benefits offered by computer-assisted learning. An analysis of computer-assisted learning in specific areas of ESL looks at: reading and vocabulary; writing and vocabulary; listening; speaking; grammar; and other areas such as study skills, cultural orientation and education, testing, English for special purposes, bilingual ESL, and potential applications of the computer as a teacher's aide (in word processing, linguistic research, with supplementary materials, and as an electronic gradebook). A section on directions, resources, and considerations for development in CALL focuses on obstacles in the development of software, such as student reaction, areas of criticism of existing programs, system compatibility, technological advancement, hardware requirements and attitudes, and lack of communication among CALL users. A list of sources of software and CALL information, including addresses, and a bibliography are appended. (MSE)