The nature of mental disorders relating to acculturation is discussed, as well as the extent to which these disorders arise from intercultural conflict or simply as a result of latent individual problems heightened by cultural contact. An introductory section addresses the broad issue of the relativity versus universality of a mental disorder: that is, whether the behavior pattern would be considered a disorder in any society or would depend on the community's definitions. A second section outlines the pathological forms of acculturation: two forms of forced acculturation, ethnocide (or deculturation) and counter-acculturation; and desired acculturation, either imposed or freely chosen. A final section details the specific forms of regression and fixation that signal acculturation illnesses, both neurotic and psychotic. (MSE)