Two surveys were carried out to help increase knowledge of current graph usage in science. A detailed analysis of all graphs in one volume of the journal "Science" revealed that 30 percent had errors. Graphs are used more in some disciplines than in others; a survey of 57 journals revealed natural science journals use far more graphs than mathematical or social science journals. Usage studies such as these provide important information for developing four other areas: new graphical methods for data presentation, guidelines, software, and human graphical perception. (A brief appendix contains guidelines for graphs as they pertain to journals and to authors.) (Author/PN)