Over the past decade the relationship between the federal government and universities with regard to federally funded scientific research has become increasingly strained. Mounting concern over the deterioration of this relationship and its impact on research led to the formation of the Ad Hoc Committee on Government-University Relationships in Support of Science. This document is the committee's report. The two chapters in part 1 describe a new and independent body: the Forum on Government-University Relationships. The Forum is concerned with science and technology and is designed to improve communication between the partners and to facilitate resolution of the problems they share and will share in the future. The establishment of the Forum is the primary result of the committee's work. The origin and substance of specific issues in government-university relations are discussed in the five chapters presented in part 2. Issues considered are related to: graduate education in the sciences and engineering; research capacity; industry-university relations and the federal interest; cost sharing and indirect costs; and accountability. Judgments and opinions are offered for several issues which may serve to facilitate solutions. (The report includes a summary section highlighting major findings and supporting documentation in appendices.) (JN)