It has been predicted that, if an androgynous identity represents a higher level of psychosocial functioning, there should be a significant relationship between androgynous sex role identity and high self-esteem. To test this hypothesis, 139 male and female high school seniors completed the Sentence Completion Test of Ego Development, the Bem Sex Role Inventory, and the Rosenberg Self Esteem Inventory. Findings showed that ego functioning and self-esteem were related to sex role identity for girls, but not for boys. Girls' self-esteem correlated with androgynous sex role identity, but masculine, rather than androgynous, sex role identity correlated with ego functioning for girls. The results suggest that self-esteem and ego functioning represent different personality variables in relationship to sex role identity, that male and female adolescents do not construct their sex role identity in comparable ways, and that a wider range of sex role identity and ego functioning measures must be used. (Author/JAC)