Rape is a significant trauma that causes the victim immediate as well as long-term difficulties. A cross-section of rape survivors and matched controls completed questionnaires about current somatic, psychological, and social difficulties. The time since assault for the rape group varied from 6 months to 8 years. Factor analysis yielded eight factors of note, with significant differences between victims and controls on six of the eight factors. Affective anxiety accounted for nearly 20% of the variance and included tiredness, sexuality problems, depression, and guilt. The differences between the groups remained constant across the time span from 6 months to 99 months past the assault. These findings suggest that rape may create a vulnerabiltiy in victims which makes them respond to normal stress with heightened psychological, somatic, and social problems. Counseling may need to refocus on long-term difficulties. (Author/JAC)