The postbaccalaureate plans of 1980-1981 physics and astronomy graduates were surveyed and compared with previous graduates. Data are presented on annual changes in postbaccalaureate plans during 1971-1981 with respect to the following options: physics graduate study, other graduate study, civilian employment, military service, and undecided. Postbaccalaureate plans are also correlated with the following characteristics: sex, citizenship, age, minority status, double major, and type of undergraduate institution. Data are also presented on: the students' secondary school training in physics, U.S. and foreign minorities among physics bachelors, seven minority groups, sources of anticipated support for first-year graduate study (1979-1981), changes in employment outlook for new physics bachelors (1973-1981), initial employment of physics bachelors (1974-1981), starting salaries of 1981 physics bachelors, and full-time employment of 1981 physics bachelors. Additionally, plans of graduating classes of astronomy bachelors (1974-1981) and characteristics and starting salaries of 1981 astronomy bachelors are examined. Findings include the following: (1) a small shift from civilian to military employment plans was evident; (2) U.S. blacks comprise the smallest proportion of physics bachelors with plans for graduate study and the largest proportion with employment plans; (3) a decline occurred in both the number and proportion of astronomy bachelors with plans for graduate study; and (4) the percentage of physics bachelors who had not taken high school physics but planned graduate physics study quadrupled since 1970. (SW)