This document contains transcripts of hearings on employment and the social costs of unemployment. During the hearings, testimony and prepared statements were taken from persons involved with unemployment programs, with Black community leaders, union representatives, teachers' representatives, police officials, and research professionals about the effects of the nation's current unemployment rate on those who are unemployed and their families. Some of the problems cited by the witnesses were rising crime rates, increased mortality for all age groups peaking at two to three years after periods of high unemployment, lack of training opportunities, especially for Black youths and for older displaced workers, and eventual lack of hope by the persons involved. Witnesses emphasized that the proposed federal cuts in already strained social services budgets would severely harm persons needing these services, especially in depressed areas of high unemployment, such as major cities. Witnesses proposed making training programs that have proven successful more available to youths who need them; removing income eligibility requirements for the structurally unemployed, such as displaced autoworkers, to make them eligible for retraining without waiting until their incomes go below the poverty level for six months; and creating programs such as subsidized employment, to encourage private employers to provide on-the-job training. (KC)