A study, as yet unfinished, sought to replicate, expand, and provide preliminary answers to questions raised in previous research on the development of fantasy play by black children as functions of age, sex, income level, and other environmental factors. Fantasy play involves the attribution to persons, objects, materials, or situations of properties which they do not possess. Baseline data on fantasy play of black and economically disadvantaged children are needed to provide information about their cognitive processes and socialization. The study involved 72 preschool black children in dyadic free play. The children were equally divided by sex and income level and were observed and videotaped during four 30-minute sessions--two sessions using structured playthings and two sessions with unstructured playthings. A randomly chosen subsample of the children's mothers were interviewed about their attitudes and practices regarding fantasy play and the child's home environment. When fully transcribed and analyzed, the data will show frequency and type of attributions made during play by the children as functions of age, sex, income level, and the relationships between socialization and environmental factors and various indices of fantasy. Appended is the questionnaire that was used to obtain maternal attitudes and practices regarding children's play. (FG)