Compiled to assist rural school advisers in their work and to inform those interested in rural education and in the administration and development of the rural advisory service, this report outlines the nature and contribution of the service, methods by which it achieves its purpose, and its major perceived needs. The first section describes the advisory service, its functions, and its origins. Next, there are brief discussions of the advisers' work, the problem advisers face with dissatisfaction among rural teachers, and supervision of rural advisers by the Department of Education. There is an outline of the methods used by rural advisers to accomplish professional development of teachers, development of curriculum material and resources, school organization and administration, and communication between school/community and school/educational agencies. Next is a discussion of some of the common problems and difficulties advisers encounter in their work. Also covered are the perceived needs of the rural advisory service in the areas of adviser maintenance and development, liaison, travel, accomodation and equipment, communication, and induction of advisers and teachers. The report concludes with a summary of suggestions obtained from advisers. Appendices include a list of advisers and schools served and role statements for advisers. (CM)