This monograph contains papers and workshop summaries from a two-day symposium for ethnographers and drug abuse policymakers. An introductory paper outlines the background and purpose of the symposium, followed by papers that provide a definition of ethnography, present a history of illicit drug ethnographies, and examine state problems and the need for research-based planning in the drug field. Other papers explore issues and problems in using ethnography in single state agencies. Research in minority communities is described, along with the use of an ethnography field station and the methodology and findings of a four-city study of PCP users. The final paper discusses ethnographic research and public policy development. The workshop summaries provide an overview of the results of the symposium. (NRB)