The Ralph Nader report on the Educational Testing Service (ETS), entitled The Reign of ETS, the Corporation That Makes Up Minds, explicitly and implicitly raises serious issues concerning the testing enterprise. Major themes include the role of testing in the educational selection system, the validity of existing tests, and the corporate power of ETS. This paper explores and evaluates charges from the perspectives of social and educational policy and of psychometric theory and practice. The currently polarized controversy over testing is reflected: advocates of testing believing in the validity and social utility of both the science and technology of mental measurement, and critics proclaiming that technical inadequacies and social harms make the enterprise inherently vicious and invidiously midleading. The paper concludes that the tests are central to the sorting of individuals into successive types of education. It advocates a more open procedure for specifying the content of selection tests, and concludes that current psychometric conceptions are inadequate for a meaningful assessment of the validity of tests. (Author/GK)