Set against the backdrop of a decade in which college admissions test scores have declined, this report reviews issues affecting college admissions testing and their implications, and focuses specifically on the debate between the makers and supporters of standardized tests and test critics. Overviews of the College Entrance Examination Board's (CEEB) Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) and the test battery of American College Testing (ACT) are presented and followed by criticisms of: "On Further Examination", a study supported by CEEB to investigate declining test scores. A major portion of the report centers on the debate between consumer advocate Ralph Nader and Educational Testing Service (ETS) concerning the latter organization's status and influence in the field of testing, its accountability, and general issues regarding the reliability and validity of the tests as predictors of students' potential abilities. Reports on the topic of special preparation and coaching for the SAT are reveiwed and criticized. Also documented is the truth-in-testing controversy resulting from the enactment of legislation intended to regulate testing agencies. Two surveys of the use of test scores by colleges and universities are included. In conclusion, a presentation is made of comments from educators on how test scores might be improved. (AEF)