This paper describes a systematic research program examining the remedial and preventive effects of coping skills training for the management of anxiety. The general conceptual/methodological frameworks guiding the project, the rationale behind selection of fears as the target problem, and the coping skills training as the preventive intervention are presented. Five methodological steps in the development, implementation, and evaluation of prevention programs are discussed: (1) identification of the target problem; (2) selection of the target population; (3) adoption of intervention strategies; (4) selection of delivery systems; and (5) evaluation of prevention effectiveness. An examination of the primary preventive effects of the anxiety coping procedure is described; empirical support for the effectiveness of coping skills training in reducing targeted and nontargeted anxieties is also cited with evidence for the preventive capabilities of the interventions. Recommendations for future research on coping skills training and the prevention of maladaptive fears are offered. (Author/NRB)