This manual, intended to assist teachers in identifying students with limited-English proficiency who may have special needs, concentrates on four areas: language, observation, testing, and learning problems. The main part of the manual has eight sections dealing with the following topics: (1) observation techniques and methods; (2) modifications in the regular classroom for specific learning problems and learning styles, including strategies for the non-reader; (3) discussion of learning problems in behavioral terms; (4) reading assessment and techniques; (5) the child's language patterns; (6) general testing procedures, including a discussion of types of tests, standardized testing, criterion-referenced testing and testing the culturally and linguistically different child; (7) Chapter 766, a comprehensive Massachusetts law that requires children with special needs to be provided with education in accordance with those needs; and (8) the teacher in an advocate role, with a list of state and federal agencies teachers can contact to obtain services for their students. The remainder of the volume provides glossary, bibliography, and several appendices containing check lists and time sample sheets for the observational stage, a guide for non-biased assessment, language dominance/language proficiency tests, tests on learning problems, and resources. (AMH)