Compliance, conforming behavior as a response to social influences, is affected by a variety of factors within the self. Some of these factors pertain to one's perceived place in the social context; others pertain to the salience of one's immediate affective and perceptual experience. The self-aspect chosen as the object of one's attention can have a critical impact on individual behavior. This conclusion was supported by data from an experiment in which subjects were asked to count metronome clicks heard over a set of headphones, and respond after other group members had agreed on an incorrect response. Different degrees of discrepancy were found to exist between the group's position and the subject's judgment. As predicted, private self-consciousness, i.e., attention to internal aspects of the self, had a strong inverse correlation with compliance. Public self-consciousness, i.e., concern with one's social self-presentation, was associated with a stronger inclination toward compliance behavior. (Author/CS)