Five types of counties (College-Professional, Urban, Recreational-Retirement, Extractive, and Most Rural) were identified among 83 counties in the Ozark-Ouchita Uplands in order to determine educational and health impacts resulting from the "population turnaround" of the late 1960's and early 1970's. Variables were computed from secondary sources to assess educational changes from 1974-1978; mailed questionnaires were returned by 186 superintendents, revealing perceptions about the changes. Similar questionnaires were returned by 33 directors of health districts, indicating adequacy of health service and ability to keep pace with health demands. The most significant difference in the final comparison was 80.4% of the superintendents felt educational needs were being met, while only 52.0% of the health directors thought health services were adequate. The Recreational-Retirement county type accounted for 80% of the variation on some items, and considerable differences in the superintendents' responses suggested that their perceptions were more a reflection of local attitudes than of the data. (JD)