This monograph, fourth in a series on labor development, focuses on child exploitation in the context of child labor. The collection of papers briefly discusses (1) the relation between conditions of poverty and the prevalence of child labor in developing countries; (2) the lack of effectiveness of labor legislation in preventing child exploitation in developing countries; (3) the negative effects of menial labor on the cognitive and physical development, health and social mobility of child workers; (4) considerations in setting minimum age laws concerning child labor; and (5) proposals to protect children who are obliged to work. Also included are the Declaration of the Rights of the Child as adopted by the United Nations General Assembly and two statements by the International Labor Organization Convention 138 and Recommendation 146 concerning minimum age for admission to employment. (SS)